A.B.Tsunezawa: Japanese-English Bilingual IT/CATIA (3D CAD) Specialist, Technical Translator
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May 9, 2011
[Japan used to be like that] 昔の日本はこうだった
I had a chance to speak with my father a year ago or so, and he gave me this book on machine designing that (presumably) he or his brother was studying with as a highschool student in Japan. He is approaching 70 years old now, but he was keeping the book in good shape. It was as old as an antique, which seemed perfect just to put it up on a bookshelf or something.
I opened the book to start reading the introduction. I quickly learned that everything seemed totally different from the situation of now today. The author of the highschool textbook was so enthusiastic and even anxious about the future of the Japanese nation. I was able to tell how the country was like in that period of time. Japan was not one of those advanced countries yet, but was wishing to be one. Reading that introduction, I realized that many people of this country seemed to have a great deal of passion toward restoring themselves. I was impressed by that strong emotion, and that is why I want to pick up this introduction this time.
I personally have an impression that the way it is described is pretty much Japanese, because it reminds me of a great deal of "we, Japanese" sort of idea, which many of non-Japanese individuals might take "discriminatory". But this has been lasting presumably since this country came into being. Even in this 21st century, this mentality is remaining so strongly, which is one of the biggest characteristics of this nation. The difference between the "we, Japanese" perception I see now today and the one I find in this introduction is that the former is working not favorably, whereas the latter seems pretty good because it looks like the people are trying to be united for becoming better. - Anything has a good part and a bad part, just like any medicine we drink. And I wanted to pick up this old time's stuff because by reading this introduction I wanted to be more motivated like these people of the old time.
The original (Japanese) does not include the paragraph numbers. I have put those things for any convenience to those who may want to read and study Japanese and English.
If there are any mistakes or good advice on my translated text, please let me know.
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English translation:
1.
Now we are living in a competition era of human history. We need to run ahead of other countries, until prosperity will be promised to us. We can not enjoy substantial happiness or comfort without making it. Japan consists of some small islands, and sadly we do not have much natural resource. There is not even enough resource for petroleum or steels.
2.
How do we prosper ourselves? Practically speaking, I think the only possible way should be to take the path of becoming an industrialized country. Japan is known as a country of marine products industry, but it is on the way to be gradually squeezed. On the other hand, however, we can put all of our energy in order to be industrialized. Nobody should be able to stop it. - What do you think?
3.
Think about our industrial level from the global perspective. How many of our products can be considered beyond that level? Only a few can be counted in it. There are so many problems to overcome, and I realize that there is still a long way to go.
4.
The Japanese have a best suited quality for becoming engineering specialists. But I must say that just having that quality would not be enough. We need to put it into practice.
5.
It will not be said enough how many of you graduate from tech high schools, vocational schools or universities in order to reach that goal. Beside those people who are lucky enough to learn at schools, other people have very few books to help them master a specialized field on their own and earn a living. On top of that, the amount of books on machine engineering is helplessly small, which is no good for our country to be successful as being industrialized.
6.
This textbook "Machine Designing" is intended to be written for tech highschool students who will learn mechanics. The book is following the instructions from the Educational Department of Japan. Please note that I was unable to go so far as to cover all of the things on kinematics or material engineering. I encourage you to refer to another book, such as "Machine Application Dynamics," which covers this area suitably.
7.
I feel sorry that in some places I had to be a little too formal when explaining things, so you might feel this book appears difficult to read. I also have a concern that you might think you are getting nowhere when you come across an integration statement. But don't take it too hard on that, because the mathematical expressions are used only to explain about designing methodologies. So you would only need to be focused to apply the outputs of the math.
8.
Machine designing has a lot to do with the Japan Industry Standard (JIS), and so that is why I adopted this standard whenever I could. As to the [Relation Standard], the 1965 version was adopted. The names for machine elements also have English titles for your reference. The terminology in the textbook is based on the JIS and the Academic Terminology Glossary.
9.
Machine designing requires you to have broad and systematic knowledge that is closely related to machining, machine materials, machine application dynamics, and so forth (the contents of which are published as other textbooks). So I do hope that you will study and fully understand these subjects, until you will have finally learned how to design on your own.
Tokuzo Suzuki
1年ぐらい前、父親と顔を合わせる機会があり、その際、父またはその弟が高校時代(日本の高校)に使っていた機械科の教科書をもらいました。もう70歳にもなろうとしている父親がくれた高校の教科書なので、それはまるで骨董品です。読まずに飾っておいてもいいようなものです。
とはいえ、本を開き、最初のページから読んでみました。まえがきが私には面白く、筆者の日本国への将来を案じつつ、多大に期待するような気持ちについてなど、特に印象に残ります。当時の日本がどんな雰囲気だったかを感じとることができます。国をあげてこれから先進国になるんだという気概があり、それが素晴らしいと思ったので、今回ここで取り上げてみようと思いました。
さて、これは一読して実に日本人っぽい感覚だなぁと分かります。いたるところに「われわれ日本人は」的なものを私は垣間見ます。非日本人の感覚からすると、こういった感情を「人種差別的」ということで、疎ましいと思う向きも確かにあります。ただし、これはおそらく有史以来、日本人に染みついた感情ではないかとも思うので、善し悪しの問題ではないと思います。飲み薬がそうであるように、こういった気質も、良く作用する場合とそうでない場合の両方があるように思います。私が今回取り上げる高校の教科書にかかれた文章は、その点でいけば、非常に良い方向に作用していると思います。みんなで結束し、成長するんだ、という思いを感じます。自分もこれを読むと、当時の日本人のような気持ちになり、励みになります。
ここでの便宜上、引用した文章には段落番号を付してありますが、その点ご了承ください。
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「東京教育学院工学部版 機械工学科 教科書」より引用:
まえがき
1.
現代の世界は平和的競争時代であって、国の水準を他国より優秀な地位におかなければ国の繁栄を握ることが困難である。繁栄がなされなければ国民の富もなし、安心もない。日本は小さな島国であり、天然の資源が悲しいほど不足である。石油もなければ鉄鋼も貧弱である。
2.
こういう国柄である以上何によって国を富ますかを考えれば、手近な手段として工業国立国以外に歩む道が見当たらない。水産国としては世界の注視をあびているが、水産関係は徐々に苦しくなる立場におかれつつある。工業はだれにもじゃまはされない。工業立国以外に何があろうか。
3.
日本の工業はしからば世界水準に達しているかどうか。世界水準に達していると思われる製品は微々たるものである。考えなければならない点は多く、また道もまた遠しの感がある。
4.
日本国民は工業には最適する頭脳の所有者である。所有者であるだけでは問題にならない。実力者でなければならない。
5.
工業に関する高等学校、専門学校、大学を卒業する技術者は現在いくらあっても不足している。それらの学校生活を持つ者は別として、わが手で食べ、わが心で専門技術を習得してゆく人々にとって良い教科書は非常に少なく、ことに機械工学においては困るぐらい少ない現在である。これでは工業国になれる道理がない。
6.
本書「機械設計」は、文部省高等学校機械化指導要領に従って執筆したものであって、範囲の非常に広い機械要素を主体として、それに関係ある他の科目を若干採ってある。したがって、この教科書中に述べられてある機構学および材料の強さなどは到底十分には表わされえない。それらは別刊教科書の「機械応用力学」に関係深い項目であるからそれらを参照されたい。
7.
書き方がやや堅苦しく、読んでいて理解することが容易でないような表現となっていることを心苦しく思う。ことに一部に積分学の一端が記述してあって、不可解ではあるまいかと心配するが、設計法では数学は説明のためのものであるから数学そのものに苦しむ必要はなく、その答えを応用することに専念してもらえたら幸いと思う。
8.
機械設計は、日本工業規格(JIS)と深い関係があり、よって主要な規格表は紙面の許す限り採り入れた。とくにねじ関係規格は1965年改定のものを採用した。要素には、参考のためになるべく英語を添えてある。用語は原則として、JISの用語および学術用語集によった。
9.
機械設計は、「機械工作」、「機械材料」、「機械応用工学」などの他の科目(別刊教科書)と密接な関係を持つ総合的な体系であるから、それらについても十分な理解をもって勉学されんことを望むものであって、それで初めて設計能力が習得できるものと信じる。
鈴木徳蔵
IT specialist, involving CATIA V5 (3D CAD). Lived in Toyota city, Aichi, Japan as a bilingual tech supporter & translator/ interpreter (Japanese and English) to support global operations of a Japanese auto maker. Started working part-time as a translator/ interpreter at age 17. Have taught and supervised Japanese-to-English translation in both Japan and the U.S. Currently living in Michigan.
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