Nov 13, 2016

[Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra Comes to Ann Arbor] ベルリン・フィル、アナーバーに来たる

It was really like a dream. This weekend was one of the most wonderful and unforgettable ones in my life. I had never expected a big name orchestra like Berlin Philharmonic would ever come to this small town to play orchestral pieces of Mahler, Brahms, Schoenberg, etc. I hadn't noticed it until one day prior to their concert here in Ann Arbor.
I was so lucky I was able to find the website news a day before the concert and got tickets for 2 days. The prices were not as high as when you get tickets in Japan. My ticket for the first day cost $150, and the second day $75. Both of the seats were quite decent. When there are concerts from Berlin or Vienna with famous conductors, the tickets would likely be more than $400, and be sold out so soon. I couldn't afford such pricy stuff when I was in Japan. I used to go to inexpensive ones held in Tokyo, and that was it. It was 20 years ago or so.

After having purchased the tickets, I felt I was living in a dream. My heart was pounding like a junior high school boy who has just got accepted to go on a date with a dream girl.  

"This is like 'The Field of Dreams' ," I thought. "Berlin Philharmonic with Simon Rattle comes to Ann Arbor." - just like "Shoeless Joe Jackson comes to Iowa."

The First day program (on Saturday 11/12) started from Boulez's "Éclat". Although I am not so much inclined to hearing, what is called, contemporary music, it was a good and fun experience, to be honest. I found out that 20th century music should be heard in a concert hall instead of CD or DVD. Listening to those musical pieces thru media is one totally different thing than experiencing it where the music is actually being played. Music breathes and pulses like an integrated creature.

Next piece was Mahler's 7th symphony. The first CD I purchased for Mahler's 7th was a performance by Simon Rattle/Birmingham Symphony Orchestra. Tears welled up in my eyes when hearing the first few bars. I wished the music would not come to an end. It was around 10pm when I left the concert hall that night. There were cars on the streets. I stopped at the traffic light to cross there, and went further down to the parking lot.

While walking along the side walk of Saturday night, this famous Japanese Tanka poem popped into my head all of a sudden.

  清水へ 祇園をよぎる 桜月夜 こよひ逢ふひと みなうつくしき (みだれ髪/与謝野晶子)

[English Translation]
   Passing Gion of Kyoto toward Kiyomizu,
     Sakura (cheery blossom) petals are illuminated by the moonlight
       Everyone I see here tonight is so beautiful

         (Composed by Akiko Yosano / From "Midare Gami")

I woke up at 6 a.m. the next day in order to make it in time for the arrival at the fitness gym by 7 am, where I ran 6 miles (about 9.6 km). I am running for the 10K race next week. I ate my favorite doughnuts I bought at this cider mill. The doughnuts here are so good. These are pretty much similar to the old classical "Agepan (揚げパン)" bread. Eating these brings me back to my good old days when spending time with grandma or grandpa. These doughnuts are not very sweat, and taste simple and delicious.
The Second day program of the Berlin Philharmonic concert (at 4 pm, Sunday 11/13) started from Schoenberg's Five Pieces for Orchestra, followed by Webern's Six Pieces for Orchestra and Berg's Three Pieces for Orchestra. I hadn't had a keen interest in most of the musical pieces after Mahler's symphonies, but what I found out during this concert was: "These is something very thrilling or exciting!"  The feeling I had at that time was not the one I get as I hear the music of Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms, Mahler, or Bruckner. 

The music was brilliant and their technique was superb. The energy and enthusiasm this orchestra radiated were overwhelming. There is one funny thing I discovered. During the interval time after those pieces were played, my ears suddenly started to catch each word or voice coming out of the audience's mouths. I felt I could saw strings of characters flowing out of these people's mouths, as if they were smoke or vapor. It might be partly because I was reading a book on coding or decoding on that day. I am not sure exactly why.

After the interval was Brahms' 2nd symphony. Like Mahler's symphonies, I don't know how many times I heard this music over and over during my lifetime. I was like a sensitive little boy who cannot even speak up a single word or anything. How I wished this music would never ever come to an end. It was amazing, time was passing so quickly. I felt as if seeing myself of 10 years ago, 20 years ago, as well as 30 years ago. I know what's coming next when hearing this music - every detail of it - but this symphony appeared as though it was just been born in front of my eyes - one after another. I was one of those witnesses there. I felt the "time" became visible and audible.


It was like meeting with deceased family members or relatives, to spend time together when the music is being played, however we had to say good bye again when the music ended. Towards the end of Brahms' symphony, I thought this magical moment was about to end. Very ending was enough to make me become emotional. I am not trained in music, and that is what makes me feel shy or inferior with so many people knowingly speaking about music or musicians.

As I had expected, it was a great time during these two days this weekend. For some reason, I suddenly remembered I  had missed to see the eclipse of the sun when I was 10 years old, and had been told I wouldn't get the next chance until I'd be nearly 70 years old. I thought I had to hurry to see 70-year-old myself. Watching Simon Rattle/Berlin Philharmonic play in front of my sight today, I thought I was able to pick up 35 years after that.
Sketch From a Ghibri Movie "The Wind Rises"

==== JAPANESE =====

「夢のような」とは、この事の謂いであろうか。この週末に体験したベルリン・フィル管弦楽団のコンサートは、人生で忘れることのできない素晴らしいものだった。それにつけても、ベルリン・フィルのような有名なオーケストラがマーラーとかブラームスとかシェーンベルクとかの音楽を奏でにこの田舎町に来るとは思ってもいなかった。コンサート前日にネットのニュースで気がつき、自分はチケットを購入したのだった。

自分はラッキーだっと思う。前日にもかかわらずチケットを手に入れることができ、値段も一日目が150ドル、二日目が75ドルと手ごろで、席にしてもいい席だった。

ベルリンとかウィーンなどから有名なオーケストラが来る場合、チケット代は日本だと4万円(400ドル)以上にもなろう。また、それらは瞬時に売り切れもしよう。日本にいた時分を思い巡らすに、そんな高価なものを買える経済的余裕は自分にはなかった。また、私はかつて安い値段の演奏会に行ったものだが、そうはいってもかれこれ二十年も昔のことだ。

チケットを手に入れた自分は、まるで夢見ていた女の子と初めてデートにこぎつけた中学生のように、心が高鳴っていた。

「まるで『フィールド・オブ・ドリームズ』みたいだ」などと自分は思った。
『Shoeless Joe Jacksonアイオワに来たる』が『ラトル/ベルリンフィル、ミシガンに来たる』というふうになったわけだ。

一日目のプログラム(11/12 土曜日、午後8時)は、ブーレーズのÉclatという曲から始まった。いわゆる「現代音楽」というものに私は傾倒しているわけでもないものの、音楽はとれも面白くスリリングなものであった。二十世紀の音楽は、CDやDVDで聞くのではなく、実際の演奏会で聞くのが良いと思った。

この曲の次は、マーラーの第七交響曲であったが、ふと思いを馳せるに、そういえばこのマーラーの七番で買った最初のCDが、このラトル指揮の演奏であった。(オーケストラはバーミングハム交響楽団。) 最初の数小節で私は涙があふれてきた。演奏会が終わって、コンサートホールを出たのは、かれこれ午後十時頃であった。通りには車が何台も走っていた。自分は交差点で信号待ちをしていた。それから駐車場に向かって歩いて行った。

土曜日の夜の歩道を歩いている自分の頭の中にポッと浮かんだものは、こんな有名な短歌だった。

清水へ 祇園をよぎる 桜月夜 こよひ逢ふひと みなうつくしき
                                                          (みだれ髪/与謝野晶子)

自分は翌日の朝6時に起きて、朝7時にはフィットネス・ジムに到着し、6マイル(約9.6キロメートル)を走った。来週参加予定の10Kレースのためだ。サイダー・ミルで買ったお気に入りのドーナッツを食べたが、つくづくここのドーナッツはとてもおいしい。日本語に翻訳するなら、「なつかしの揚げパン」に近いかと思う。じいちゃん、ばあちゃんの家で食べるような昔懐かしの味。甘さは控えめで、素朴でおいしい。

二日目のプログラム(11/13日曜日)は、シェーンベルク「Five Pieces for Orchestra」、ウェーベルン「Six Pieces for Orchestra」、ベルク「Three Pieces for Orchestra」であったが、マーラー以後の音楽作品に自分はそれほど熱心な思いがないものの、今回の演奏に接した折にはスリリングな面白さを実感したのである。モーツァルト、ベートーヴェン、ブラームス、マーラー、ブルックナーを聞く時と同じ感銘ではない類のものだ。これらの楽曲の演奏が終わり、休憩に入っておかしなことに気がついた。自分の耳が聴衆の口から出てくる言葉の一々をキャッチするようになった。聴衆の顔から文字の列が流れているのが目に見えてきそうに思った。暗号の作成・解読に関する本を読んでいたせいもあったのかもしれない。

休憩をはさんで、ブラームスの第二交響曲となる。自分は何度この曲を、繰り返し繰り返し、この人生の中で聞いたことだろう。自分はあたかも一言も口がきけぬ多感な少年のようだった。この音楽が終わらないようにと、いかに強く願ったことか。時間のたちまち過ぎていくことに自分は驚かされた。10年前、20年前、30年前の自分自身を見た気がした。音楽で次がどうなっているか、自分は詳細まで知っていながらも、それが今まさに目の前で生まれ出ているよう。自分は目撃者のようなものだ。時間が目に見え、かつ聞こえるようだった。

亡くなった家族・親類と出会うような感じだった。この音楽の演奏の間だけ会って時間を過ごし、音楽が終わればまたさようならをする。魔法のような時間が終わる。第四楽章の終わりに向けて、そんなことを思っていた。作品の終わりが来た時、ぐっと込みあがった。

予想通り、この週末は素晴らしい二日間だった。どういうわけか、自分は十歳の時分、日食を見逃し、この次の機会は70歳ぐらいだと言われた時のことを思い出した。70歳の自分自身に早く会いたいと10歳の私は気が急いた。ラトル/ベルリン・フィルをこの目で見、自分はあれから35年の歳月を経て、やっと取り戻した気がした。

Nov 5, 2016

[Machine Translation Testing with Book Reviews] 書評で機械翻訳のテスト

It was a good autumn day to enjoy sports and driving. The temperatures here today reached around 60’s. There was no need of wearing a thick jacket. Leaves on the trees were colorful. I saw bright yellow leaves on the roads blown up by the wind as we passed.

After coming back home, I played with the translation software using some of the book review posts I found on the Internet. The reviews I searched were on the book titled “レイヤー化する世界(佐々木俊尚)”.


Contents of the book are as follows.

Prologue   Modern Age

Part 1   Middle Ages
 Chapter 1    Europe used to be a frontier long ago
 Chapter 2   Why the medieval empires went vanished

Part 2   Modern Age
 Chapter 3   The idea of "Nation" is come from fantasy
 Chapter 4   Glory called "Democracy"
 Chapter 5   Collapse of Democracy and Nation-states

Part 3   Future
 Chapter 6   All is swallowed up into a )>
 Chapter 7   The society is made up of “Layers”
 Chapter 8   "Super multi-national companies" will put an end to the Country/Nation-oriented thoughts
 Chapter 9   New world systems and us


The book describes the world history from the perspective of Country/Nation, Power, Democracy, and Industrial Innovation, and extrapolate it to make statements on the future.

I personally didn’t feel there was nothing new about what is said to be described in the book. The reviewers write the main points explained in the book as follows.
  1. Country/State and the democracy system based on that are not so robust as we may believe.
  2. Outline of industries are constructed by new technologies, and social systems go along with it.
[Output from Machine Translation]
  • The former is a story of history, there is no room to disagree. Churchill as using the word "tried", social systems are repeated various experiments, it will be said to be still followed. Now is just a chance "democratic era", this is not is not a flawless system. So, what about the latter? In this manual, case showing a change in the new society has been introduced some, but it is unknown whether or not the flow of the change is deterministic. Although the change began, returns to its original state by the swing-back, I would not have never Nante. The future is always something unknown. In addition, even if the change was deterministic, it is not possible to determine whether advances in how much of the speed. Is not surprisingly important because speed. If the span of until a change is long for, will people it is intended to maintain "this remains" even a little increase. However, technology advances, it is pull the trigger of the industrial structure changes, thereby personal life changes, social system so as to follow changes, because is a natural flow. "Still, while I thought that I do not change Nante society ", a wave of change was imminent until buckwheat immediately, which may have enough thing Nante.
  • =========================
  • We need to be more sensitive to the changes. Instead of getting drifted away by the waves of ocean, we need to be prepared to get on the waves. This should especially be emphasized to younger generations.


[Study]
This is also a typical Japanese grammar, which goes like, “We Japanese tend to be this way” “We have to be more international in order not to be left behind by the rest of the world,” or “Younger people should always learn to adapt themselves to the changes, which I don’t think it’s a bad thing. I only want to showcase some examples that may briefly illustrate a view of a group oriented culture. Number one item to point out here is “We Japanese”, number two is “have to” or “should” do this or that. I feel that, even if there is a perfect translation system here, this this type of grammar/word usage will be just the same.

 In this book, the “Layer” is defined as a component or a module where each one represents his or her personality or attribute. The author describes that each layer can support other layers, and is interchangeable or dynamic, as opposed to being monotonous or fixed. 


[Output from Machine Translation]
  • When, you might try to say. "Single fixed existence" is, be replaced with individuals, it will be a "company man". Identity is the person that is in itself rather than, are associated with the company. Aisha spirit is rich, with people who say even that living for longer company rather than. Such a person has the horsepower, but if eliminate the whereabouts of the company, will be broken, instantly.


 [Study]
Why the author keeps saying “Layers”? This passage from the review briefly explains that portion. Here, a “company man” is meant to be someone who loves the company with all his soul and spirit, which used to be very common in Japan. But the author says (and many Japanese may already know or have experienced) that once you get lost in the company, you feel you are finished. You will end up feeling totally desolate with no hope at all.

This output sentences from machine translation may not make sense to many English speakers. Here’s how I understood by also reading the post in Japanese.

Having multiple layers means that one person plays different roles or show different attributes, such as being a blogger, an e-mail magazine publisher, a YouTuber, a husband, an engineer, a fortune teller, a palm reader, a Japanese chess player, and so on. All of these layers (components or modules) establish who you are. The book says having this structure will be safer you don’t have to be totally damaged or destroyed when a big change comes.

This passage should be very appealing (and even catchy) to the Japanese in general. People in general believed (or may still believe) that it was safe to stick to their company and identify themselves as part of it. Author says this type of thinking is getting out of date. Now it's time for us to change our mindset.

It is not meaningless to analyze why the author wants to say this kind of thing in his book, and the reviewer also wanted to pick that up and emphasize that point.


[Output from Machine Translation]
  • "From a single identity, to the multiple identities" This change, which takes you to the individual to "supple" definitely. If, if the individual to society and belong to there has a fractal structure, layering is also and in various fields, it will give us of "supple" it is also to society as a whole. The last moment….


[Study]
In case this passage doesn’t make sense at all to English speakers, “identity” is the same as attributes of a person. The author wants to encourage readers to have multiple Layers of identities (attributes or personalities) where one Layer can support another. 

 [Output from Machine Translation]
  • Here "field" that is used in, than the "platform", has received wide impression is a little more level playing field. ※ detailed story about the "place" is, please try to see this book directly. As this book points out, it will go become a powerful presence to make a "place" in the future. In addition, if a single entity is to possession of more than one layer, the field might be able to produce any number. However, those that "place" is, of the individual (or company) can serve as one of hope, you might.

[Study] 
“Here "field" that is used in, than the "platform” is meant to be like this. “Here in this book, the “field” is meant to be more than a “platform”.

I now start thinking this “field” might as well be replaced with “scene”. Then I can conclude that the core theme of this book should be as follows.

The “Country/Nation” idea is getting out of date, although majority of Japanese stick to this idea still. This can bring us into problems.

Instead of sticking to the Country/Nation idea, we Japanese should focus more on the “Field,” which is more than a platform.

One example of the Country/Nation model (a multi-national company, the author says) can be General Motors or SONY with these words, “What's Good for General Motors Is Good for America” (Wikipedia says this is a frequently "misquoted" statement, so I would like to use this as a parable), and examples from “Field” (a super multi-national company, the author says) can be said about Google and Apple.

Author writes that the difference between a “Multi-national company” and a “Super Multi-national company” is former is focused on the “Country/Nation” and the latter on the “Scene”.

Each individual’s personality should be mapped out with multiple layers, like the OSI model in the IT networking.

Layers are interchangeable, dynamic, and flexible, and these don’t change who you really are. It’s safer than what we Japanese thought was the normal idea. You can change or switch options even if you fail in one portion in it.

Another example of “Layers” is SNS. There are global services such as facebook or twitter, along with local SNS’s such as LINE (Japan), Weibo (China), or Kakaotalk (Taiwan) that is popular and keeps growing. This phenomenon indicates that people use global and local services with different level (Layer) of reasoning or mindset.

[Reviewer’s Conclusion]
The author of this book says there could be no hope in this country if we stick to the “Country/Nation," which is Japan or Japanese-ness. The reviewer concludes in his post that “we Japanese” should be better off, if we focused more on the "Ba 場 (scene)". He seems to be pretty favorable to this book as well as to the author.
[My Closing]
And the purpose of writing this post here, by the way, is I only wanted to test the current translation software to see how it has improved in the past couple years.

[References]